{"id":3397,"date":"2026-09-24T18:06:14","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T18:06:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/?p=3397"},"modified":"2026-09-24T19:21:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-24T19:21:04","slug":"annotated-bibliography","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/","title":{"rendered":"Annotated Bibliography: 12 Easy Steps for Students"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/annotated-bibliography.png\" alt=\"Annotated bibliography workspace with summary, evaluation, and relevance cards\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"><\/figure>\n<p>An annotated bibliography combines a reference list with short explanations of the sources it contains. Each entry identifies a source and then discusses its content, value, and relevance to a particular project. Done well, it becomes a research tool that helps you decide what to read closely, what to use in an argument, and what questions still need investigation.<\/p>\n<p>Many students find the task confusing because it looks partly like referencing and partly like essay writing. The key is to understand the purpose of the annotated bibliography entry. You are not simply proving that you found a source. You are showing that you understand what it contributes and can make a reasoned judgment about its usefulness.<\/p>\n<p>This guide explains how to select sources, write useful annotations, and revise the final document. The sample research situations are fictional illustrations. Follow your assignment instructions whenever they specify a particular annotation length, source type, citation style, or arrangement.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#1_What_belongs_in_an_annotated_bibliography\" >1. What belongs in an annotated bibliography?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#2_Start_with_the_assignment_requirements\" >2. Start with the assignment requirements<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#3_Define_a_question_that_guides_selection\" >3. Define a question that guides selection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#4_Find_sources_with_a_clear_purpose\" >4. Find sources with a clear purpose<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#5_Read_enough_to_make_a_fair_judgment\" >5. Read enough to make a fair judgment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#6_Write_the_summary_first\" >6. Write the summary first<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#7_Add_a_specific_evaluation\" >7. Add a specific evaluation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#8_Explain_relevance_to_your_project\" >8. Explain relevance to your project<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#9_A_sample_annotation_structure\" >9. A sample annotation structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#10_Keep_the_citation_and_annotation_consistent\" >10. Keep the citation and annotation consistent<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#11_Arrange_the_document_for_easy_use\" >11. Arrange the document for easy use<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#12_Common_mistakes_and_practical_fixes\" >12. Common mistakes and practical fixes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#Frequently_asked_questions\" >Frequently asked questions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#How_long_should_each_annotation_be\" >How long should each annotation be?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#Can_I_include_a_source_I_disagree_with\" >Can I include a source I disagree with?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#Should_annotations_include_quotations\" >Should annotations include quotations?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/annotated-bibliography\/#Turn_your_bibliography_into_a_writing_plan\" >Turn your bibliography into a writing plan<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_belongs_in_an_annotated_bibliography\"><\/span>1. What belongs in an annotated bibliography?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Most entries begin with a complete reference in the required citation style. The annotation follows that reference. Depending on the assignment, it may summarize the source, evaluate its quality, explain its relevance, or combine all three functions.<\/p>\n<p>A descriptive annotation mainly explains what the source covers. An evaluative annotation adds a judgment about credibility, reasoning, methods, or limitations. A reflective annotation connects the source to your own research question and explains how it might shape your project. Different courses use these labels differently, so check what your lecturer expects you to demonstrate.<\/p>\n<p>An annotated bibliography also differs from a literature review. The bibliography usually considers sources one entry at a time. A literature review organizes discussion around themes, debates, or patterns across sources. Preparing good annotations can support a later review, but placing entries next to each other does not automatically create synthesis.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Start_with_the_assignment_requirements\"><\/span>2. Start with the assignment requirements<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Make a short specification sheet before searching. Record the research topic, number of sources, required source types, annotation length, citation style, and due date. Note whether the assignment asks for a shared introduction, a concluding reflection, or annotations only.<\/p>\n<p>Pay attention to restrictions. A lecturer may require empirical journal articles, sources from a particular period, or a mix of scholarly perspectives. Those instructions determine what counts as a suitable entry. A high-quality textbook may still be unsuitable if the task specifically asks you to evaluate primary research studies.<\/p>\n<p>If an instruction seems ambiguous, identify the practical decision it affects. For example, ask whether the word limit includes reference entries, or whether each annotation must contain an explicit evaluation. Clear answers prevent you from polishing a document that demonstrates the wrong skill.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Define_a_question_that_guides_selection\"><\/span>3. Define a question that guides selection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A topic gives you a subject area; a question gives you a reason to choose particular sources. Instead of collecting anything about online learning, you might investigate how structured peer feedback affects participation in online writing courses. That focus helps you distinguish central evidence from general background reading.<\/p>\n<p>Write a provisional question and list its main concepts. Include alternative terms researchers may use. Peer review, peer response, collaborative revision, and peer assessment may lead to related but different studies. Inspect results carefully rather than assuming that every source using one of these terms examines the same activity.<\/p>\n<p>Keep the question flexible during early reading. You may discover that the evidence supports a narrower comparison or that your initial idea combines two separate issues. Adjusting the question is reasonable when the change follows from the reading. Record why you changed it so your final selection remains coherent.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Find_sources_with_a_clear_purpose\"><\/span>4. Find sources with a clear purpose<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Use your library&#8217;s subject databases and search guidance where available. Search engines can help locate material, but a result&#8217;s visibility does not establish its academic quality. Open the source and identify its publication details, author, document type, and relationship to your question.<\/p>\n<p>Begin with a small group of promising sources, then follow references and later citations where your library tools allow. This can reveal important contributions that your first keyword search missed. Keep a record of where each source came from and why you retained it.<\/p>\n<p>Aim for a defensible selection rather than a convenient one. Including only sources that support your initial opinion weakens the annotated bibliography&#8217;s value as a research tool. Look for a meaningful range of findings, methods, and perspectives within the assignment&#8217;s scope. You do not need artificial balance between strong evidence and unsupported claims.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Read_enough_to_make_a_fair_judgment\"><\/span>5. Read enough to make a fair judgment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An abstract is useful for screening, but it rarely contains enough detail for a thoughtful annotation. Read the sections needed to understand the research question, argument, method, findings, and limitations. For a theoretical article, focus on the concepts and reasoning rather than searching for a sample size it does not have.<\/p>\n<p>Take concise notes under three headings: what the source says, how it supports its claims, and why it matters to your project. This structure helps you separate summary from evaluation. Add page or section locations for details you may need to check later.<\/p>\n<p>Do not assume that a source&#8217;s own limitation paragraph is the only basis for evaluation. Consider whether the design fits the question, whether the evidence supports the conclusion, and whether the context matches your intended use. Equally, do not criticize a source for failing to answer a question it never set out to address.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Write_the_summary_first\"><\/span>6. Write the summary first<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Begin the annotated bibliography entry by identifying the source&#8217;s central purpose and contribution. Avoid opening with a vague sentence such as this article is about education. Specify the problem, perspective, or finding that makes the source relevant.<\/p>\n<p>For an empirical study, a concise summary might identify the setting, participants, method, and central finding. Include only the details needed to understand the contribution. A short annotation cannot reproduce the entire methods section, and a list of minor results can hide the main point.<\/p>\n<p>For a book chapter or conceptual paper, explain the argument and how it develops. You might note that the author distinguishes two meanings of engagement and uses that distinction to question a common measurement practice. The summary should show comprehension, not simply repeat the title in a longer sentence.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Add_a_specific_evaluation\"><\/span>7. Add a specific evaluation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Evaluation is strongest when it links a judgment to evidence. Instead of calling a source reliable, explain why its methods, documentation, or reasoning make it useful for a particular purpose. Instead of calling it biased, identify the assumption, selection process, or missing perspective that affects its conclusions.<\/p>\n<p>Consider an invented interview study exploring how students experience peer feedback. Its detailed accounts might help explain why some participants hesitate to criticize classmates. A limitation could be that the setting is one course with a particular assessment design. That observation bounds the transferability of the findings without dismissing the insight.<\/p>\n<p>Avoid equating prestige with quality. Author qualifications and publication venue can provide context, but they do not replace reading the work. Your annotation should demonstrate a judgment about this source, not a generic statement that any article from a familiar journal must be trustworthy.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Explain_relevance_to_your_project\"><\/span>8. Explain relevance to your project<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tell the reader how the source will help answer your research question. Will it provide a definition, offer a contrasting explanation, supply empirical evidence, or reveal a methodological problem? A precise role is more useful than saying the article will be helpful.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a source on students&#8217; reluctance to challenge peers might inform a section about the social conditions of feedback. A separate study measuring revision behavior could help assess whether positive attitudes translate into changes in writing. Explaining those roles shows that you are building an argument rather than collecting unrelated material.<\/p>\n<p>Relevance can also involve a limitation. You may decide that a source offers background context but should not support a central claim because its population differs substantially from yours. Recording that distinction now prevents misuse later, when you are drafting quickly and no longer remember the details of every article.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_A_sample_annotation_structure\"><\/span>9. A sample annotation structure<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Use the following as a planning model, not a finished reference to submit. Imagine a genuine source that examines students&#8217; responses to structured peer feedback in a first-year writing course. Your first sentence would state its question and approach. The next sentence would summarize the result most relevant to your project.<\/p>\n<p>The evaluative part could explain that the study combines interviews with analysis of draft revisions, allowing reported experiences to be considered alongside observable changes. It could also identify a boundary, such as the single-course setting or the short period of observation, if those details actually appear in the source.<\/p>\n<p>The final sentence would explain your intended use: perhaps comparing students&#8217; stated preferences with the feedback they act on. In a real annotation, every factual detail must come from the actual source. Do not invent sample characteristics, methods, or findings to make an entry sound more scholarly.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Keep_the_citation_and_annotation_consistent\"><\/span>10. Keep the citation and annotation consistent<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Check the reference against the original publication or a reliable bibliographic record. Verify author names, publication year, title, journal or publisher, volume and issue where relevant, page range, and persistent identifier where applicable. Reference generators can save time, but their imported data may be incomplete.<\/p>\n<p>Use one citation style consistently unless the assignment explicitly requests a comparison. Formatting rules differ across styles, including capitalization, italics, punctuation, and the treatment of electronic sources. Consult the current guide required by your institution rather than mixing examples from unrelated websites.<\/p>\n<p>Check that the annotated bibliography entry describes the exact item named in the reference. This sounds obvious, but confusion can arise when you download a preprint, later locate a published version, and accidentally combine details from both. Keep your files and reference records organized so that the final entry points to the source you actually read.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Arrange_the_document_for_easy_use\"><\/span>11. Arrange the document for easy use<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Follow the required ordering system. Many assignments use alphabetical order by author, while others group entries by theme or source type. If you organize them thematically, make sure the categories are meaningful and that the arrangement is permitted.<\/p>\n<p>Use consistent paragraph formatting and spacing. Readers should be able to distinguish the reference from its annotation immediately. Avoid adding decorative elements that make the academic information harder to scan. A clean document usually serves the task better than elaborate visual styling.<\/p>\n<p>If an introduction is required, explain the research question, scope, and selection logic briefly. If a concluding reflection is required, discuss what the collection reveals and what you still need to investigate. Do not simply repeat each annotation in shorter form; use the ending to consider the sources together.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Common_mistakes_and_practical_fixes\"><\/span>12. Common mistakes and practical fixes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>One common problem is excessive summary. If the entry spends all its space retelling the source, add a specific evaluation and a sentence explaining its role in your project. Another problem is generic evaluation. Replace phrases such as very informative with a description of the exact information that matters.<\/p>\n<p>A third problem is inconsistent depth. One detailed annotation followed by several vague entries suggests uneven reading. Review the set as a whole and check that each entry addresses the required functions, even if different source types need different kinds of discussion.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, watch for hidden duplication. Two sources may repeat the same finding without adding a distinct perspective. Both may belong if they independently support a pattern, but explain their different contributions. If the assignment limits the number of entries, choose sources that collectively give a useful picture of the question.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_asked_questions\"><\/span>Frequently asked questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_long_should_each_annotation_be\"><\/span>How long should each annotation be?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Use the assignment&#8217;s stated length. If none is given, ask for guidance before assuming a standard applies. The annotation needs enough space to perform its required functions, but longer does not automatically mean better. Aim for concise sentences that communicate summary, evaluation, and relevance without repeating the source title.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_I_include_a_source_I_disagree_with\"><\/span>Can I include a source I disagree with?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Yes, if it is relevant and meets the selection requirements. Explain its argument fairly before evaluating it. A strong bibliography can show why a position is contested and what evidence would help resolve the disagreement. Personal dislike is not an academic reason to exclude a source.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Should_annotations_include_quotations\"><\/span>Should annotations include quotations?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Usually your own explanation is more useful, especially in a short entry. Quote only when exact wording matters and follow the required citation rules. If you find yourself quoting because you cannot explain the source clearly, return to the reading before finalizing the annotated bibliography entry.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Turn_your_bibliography_into_a_writing_plan\"><\/span>Turn your bibliography into a writing plan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>After completing the entries, list the themes that recur across them. Note which sources agree, which challenge each other, and which leave important questions unanswered. This small synthesis step can turn the annotated bibliography into an outline for a later essay or literature review.<\/p>\n<p>For examples of annotation components, consult <a href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/common_writing_assignments\/annotated_bibliographies\/annotated_bibliography_example.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Purdue OWL&#8217;s annotated bibliography guidance<\/a>. Explore <a href=\"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\">Writers24x7<\/a> for broader writing resources and review <a href=\"https:\/\/saseni.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Saseni<\/a> if it fits your academic support needs. Apply your institution&#8217;s rules to any outside assistance and keep the final reading, judgments, and references under your own control.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An annotated bibliography combines a reference list with short explanations of the sources it contains. Each entry identifies a source [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3391,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academic-writing-help"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3397"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3397\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3408,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3397\/revisions\/3408"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.writers24x7.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}